The voivodeship contains 7 cities and 106 towns. [7], Following the baptism, construction began of Pozna's cathedral, the first in Poland. The other pool with a diving tower also fulfils all requirements necessary for organizing sports competitions. However, for most of the period the two parts were under a single ruler, and were known as the Duchy of Greater Poland (although at times there were separately ruled duchies of Pozna, Gniezno, Kalisz and Ujcie). Large areas of apartment blocks, built from the 1960s onwards, include Rataje in the east, and Winogrady and Pitkowo north of the centre. The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the province was 40.4 billion in 2018, accounting for 8.1% of Polish economic output. Pozna's university, today called Adam Mickiewicz University, was founded in 1919, and in 1924 the Pozna International Fair began. Pozna (Polish: ()) is a city on the River Warta in west-central Poland, within the Greater Poland region. Another infrastructural change, which was completed in 1968, was the rerouting of the river Warta to follow two straight branches either side of Ostrw Tumski. The city's population density was 5,300 people per square mile (2,040/km2). The local German populace had to acquire Polish citizenship or leave the country. A century of Pozna trade fairs", "Poznan, Poland Kppen Climate Classification", "rednia minimalna temperatura powietrza", "rednia maksymalna temperatura powietrza", "Pozna Absolutna temperatura maksymalna", "About Stary Browar Awards and honourable mentions", "Posnania: monstrualne centrum handlowe zamiast dzielnicy. In the 1930s, the fair ranked as Europe's fourth largest organiser of international trade events. In Polish, the city's name has masculine grammatical gender. "Computer Science & Engineering" and "Mechanical Engineering". A concentration camp was set up in Fort VII, one of the 19th-century perimeter forts. Phasmophobia drops players into a ghost hunt with little training. The rainiest month is July, mainly due to short but intense cloudbursts and thunderstorms. There is a dedicated and adored by children Maltanka mini-railway, that starts the route near the rdka roundabout. This status was lost in the 1975 reforms, which also significantly reduced the size of Pozna Voivodeship. This page was last edited on 31 October 2022, at 12:50. At the south bank of the lake, Malta-Ski year-round skiing complex is situated, and is hosting minor sport competitions, equipped with a toboggan run and a minigolf course. It remained so in spite of the first Greater Poland Uprising (1794), part of the unsuccessful Kociuszko Uprising directed chiefly against the Russian Empire. From the 1960s onwards intensive housing development took place, consisting mainly of pre-fabricated concrete blocks of flats, especially in Rataje and Winogrady, and later Pitkowo, following its incorporation into the city in 1974. The name Pozna probably comes from a personal name Poznan, which was in turn derived from the Polish participle poznan(y) "one who is known/recognized", and would mean "Poznan's town". In 2016 it handled approximately 1.71million passengers.[41]. As it approaches the city centre it divides into two branches, flowing west and east of Ostrw Tumski Cathedral island, and meeting again further north. [2] The best known examples of corporation who have their headquarters in Pozna and the surrounding areas are that of Volkswagen,[36] GlaxoSmithKline, Amazon, Bridgestone, Beiersdorf, Raben Group (near Krnik) and Kuehne + Nagel (near Gdki). In 1600, approximately 20,000 inhabitants resided in the whole Pozna conurbation. PKP Intercity operate a number of trains a day between Warsaw and Berlin which provide a fast connection for the two cities also to Pozna. @UnspeakableGaming @Shark @UnspeakablePlays JOIN My DISCORD To Be FEATURED In My VIDEOS - http. The city's first railway, running north-west to Stargard, opened in 1848. Pozna is the port of arrival for most international travellers as it plays host to awica International Airport, which has recently[when?] Adam Mickiewicz University is one of the three best universities in Poland after University of Warsaw and University of Krakw. Nowadays, Pozna is one of the major trade centres in Poland. It would become part of the German Empire with the unification of German states in 1871. The number of students in the city is about 140,000, which ranks it the third or fourth after Warsaw and Krakw and about equal to Wrocaw in student population. The climate of Pozna is within the transition zone between a humid continental and oceanic climate (Kppen: Cfb to Dfb although it just fits in the second in the 0C isotherm) and with relatively cold winters and warm summers. [46] In the 2019 Academic Ranking of World Universities, known also as the Shanghai Ranking, PUT was classified among the 500 best universities in the world in two disciplines, i.e. The smaller Cybina river flows through eastern Pozna to meet the east branch of the Warta, which is also called Cybina its northern section was originally a continuation of that river, while its southern section has been artificially widened to form a main stream of the Warta. Snow is common in winter, when night-time temperatures are typically below zero. The facility has since been modernized, including lowering the level of the ground floor to increase arena capacity to about 9,200. Held in Madison, Wisconsin at the Alliant Energy Center April. Other main roads run in the direction of Warsaw, Bydgoszcz, Wgrowiec, Oborniki, Katowice, Wrocaw, Buk and Berlin. Pozna and Gniezno were early centers of royal power, but following the region's devastation by pagan rebellion in the 1030s, and an invasion by Bretislaus I of Bohemia in 1038, the capital was moved by Casimir the Restorer from Gniezno to Krakw. Some of the most notable are: There are several multi-sport clubs in Pozna. Pozna was captured by the Red Army, assisted by Polish volunteers, on 23 February 1945 following the Battle of Pozna, in which the German army conducted a last-ditch defense in line with Hitler's designation of the city as a Festung. Climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year-round. A monument to the victims was erected in 1981 at Plac Mickiewicza.[21]. Greater Poland Voivodeship (Polish: Wojewdztwo wielkopolskie; [vjvutstf vjlkplsk]), also known as Wielkopolska Voivodeship, Wielkopolska Province, or Greater Poland Province, is a voivodeship, or province, in west-central Poland.It was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former Pozna, Kalisz, Konin, Pia and Leszno Voivodeships, pursuant to the Polish local . Especially popular are concerts by the Pozna Nightingales. Kiekrz lake is much used for sailing, while Malta is a competitive rowing and canoeing venue. Poland was reunited under Casimir I the Restorer in 1039, but the capital was moved to Krakw, which had been relatively unaffected by the troubles. 20. (This division of Crown Poland into two entities called Greater and Lesser Poland had its roots in the Statutes of Casimir the Great of 13461362, where the laws of "Greater Poland" the northern part of the country were codified in the Piotrkw statute, with those of "Lesser Poland" in the separate Wilica statute.). Imperial Castle, now the Zamek Culture Centre, Merchant houses, originally 16th century's herring stalls, at the Old Market Square, Bamberka fountain at the Old Market Square, Stary Browar, Kufel by Wojciech Kujawski (Guinness ratified largest beer mug in the world), and Art Stations Foundation gallery in the background, Rogalin's Raczyski Palace within Rogalin Landscape Park, some 8 mi south of Pozna. This was done partly to prevent floods, which did serious damage to Pozna frequently throughout history. The inner ring of fortifications was now considered obsolete and came to be mostly taken down by the early 20th century, although the citadel remained in use. International Young Audience Film Festival, List of universities and colleges in Pozna, Pozna University of Economics and Business, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Pozna Society of Friends of Arts and Sciences, List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland, Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, "High quality of life Study Poznan.pl", Reallexikon der germanischen Altertumskunde, "Snapshots frozen in time. The city continued to expand, and various projects were funded by Polish philanthropists, such as the Raczyski Library and the Bazar hotel. Many of these lie on the tourist Royal-Imperial Route a walk leading through the most important parts of the city showing its history, culture and identity. There is also a great number of smaller, mostly private-run colleges and institutions of higher education, including SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Collegium Da Vinci, and WSB University.[50]. Pozna is the fifth-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. "Survival artist: a memoir of the Holocaust", Eugene Bergman, 2009, pg. Location of this campus belongs to the most impressive among Polish universities. [citation needed] Although the number of inhabitants in Pozna itself was decreasing for the past two decades, the suburbs gained almost twice as many inhabitants. The region also has significant quantities of peat deposits; it is calculated that there are ca. The city of Pozna has international twinning arrangements with the English county of Nottinghamshire.[3]. The majority of faculties are already open, although a few more facilities will be constructed. [13] In the interwar Second Polish Republic, the city again became the capital of Pozna Voivodeship. Pozna covers an area of 261.3km2 (100.9sqmi), and has coordinates in the range 5217'34''5230'27''N, 1644'08''1704'28''E. With the reforms of 1975 this was divided into smaller provinces (the voivodeships of Kalisz, Konin, Leszno and Pia, and a smaller Pozna Voivodeship). In about 1249, Duke Przemys I began constructing what would become the Royal Castle on a hill on the left bank of the Warta. The Jewish community's history in the city dates back to the 13th century. The authorities made efforts to Germanize the region, particularly after the founding of Germany in 1871, and from 1886 onwards the Prussian Settlement Commission was active in increasing German land ownership in formerly Polish areas. This phenomenon, which also affected other European cities, is caused in part by the growth of satellite suburbs at the expense of the downtown region within the city proper. Pozna University of Technology was ranked fifth among all universities in Poland, and third among Polish technical universities, in the 2018 international Scimago Institutions Ranking. Pozna with its almost 30 universities and colleges has the second richest educational offering in the country after Warsaw. In northern suburbs of Pozna a very large "Morasko Campus" has been built (Faculty of Biology, Physics, Mathematics, Chemistry, Political Sciences, Geography). The Rozbrat social centre, a squatted former factory in Jeyce, serves as a home for independent and open-minded culture. The population of Pozna has declined steadily since 1990, when it reached a maximum of 590,101. Held in Madison, Wisconsin at the Alliant Energy Center, it has been growing and going strong since 1979. Friday 8:00 a.m. - 7:00 p.m. However, in 1793, in the Second Partition of Poland, Pozna came under the control of the Kingdom of Prussia, becoming part of (and initially the seat of) the province of South Prussia. In 1778, a "Committee of Good Order" (Komisja Dobrego Porzdku) was established in the city, which oversaw rebuilding efforts and reorganized the city's administration. The city's name appears in documents in the Latin nominative case as Posnania in 1236 and Poznania in 1247. The Old Zoo is one of the oldest in Poland, established in 1874 just west of the city centre. The Pozna 1956 protests are seen as an early instance of discontent with communist rule. [6] The city of Pozna has also, many times, won the prize awarded by "Superbrands" for a very high quality city brand. Greater Poland is a major transport hub within Poland; a great deal of traffic from Russia and other states of the former Soviet Union passes through Pozna and Konin to reach Germany and other EU member states. Duchies frequently changed hands; control of Pozna, Gniezno and Kalisz sometimes lay with a single duke, but at other times these constituted separate duchies. It is slightly warmer in the south and west where the average temperature is usually about 8.5C. There are also the smaller East Pozna and Pozna Garbary stations northeast of the centre, and a number of other stations on the outskirts of the city. Its capital city is Pozna; other important cities include Kalisz, Konin, Pia, Ostrw Wielkopolski, Gniezno (an early capital of Poland) and Leszno. It was one of the host cities for UEFA Euro 2012. [14] The city's boundaries were again expanded in 1925 to include Gwna, Komandoria, Rataje, Staroka, Dbiec, Szelg and Winogrady, and in 1933: Golcin and Podolany. An important cultural event in Pozna is the annual Malta Festival, which takes place at many city venues, usually in late June and early July. Other nationalities accounted for 1-2% of the population (mainly Jews). The city became a part of the Duchy of Warsaw in 1807, and was the seat of Pozna Department a unit of administrative division and local government. In 2020, Pozna had 532,048 registered inhabitants being the fifth most populous town in Poland, while the metropolitan area had a population of more than 1,200,000 people. Olimpia is hosting the annual tennis Pozna Open tournament at its Olimpia Tennis Park. Every year the Midwest Horse Fair gets bigger & better, and this year will be no exception! In 2006 country's first F-16 Fighting Falcons came to be stationed at the 31st Air Base in Krzesiny in the south-east of the city. Wielkopolska Region lies within the basin of the Oder River, 88% of the province's surface water drains into the Warta river basin, and the remaining 12% is drained by a multitude of other river systems, including the Barycz, Ladislaus Trench and Obrzycy waterways. It is bordered by seven other voivodeships: West Pomeranian to the northwest, Pomeranian to the north, Kuyavian-Pomeranian to the north-east, d to the south-east, Opole to the south, Lower Silesian to the southwest and Lubusz to the west. This led to a wide emigration of the ethnic Germans of the town's population the town's German population decreased from 65,321 in 1910 to 5,980 in 1926 and further to 4,387 in 1934. Lech plays at the Municipal Stadium, which hosted the 2012 European Championship group stages as well as the opening game and the final of the 2006 under-19 Euro Championship. Within the Prussian empire, western Greater Poland became the Grand Duchy of Posen (Pozna), which theoretically held some autonomy. The E11 European long distance path for hikers passes through Pozna. In the second half of the 17th century and most of the 18th, Pozna was severely affected by a series of wars, attendant military occupations, lootings and destruction the Second and Third Northern Wars, the War of the Polish Succession, the Seven Years' War and the Bar Confederation rebellion. In the case of the Greater Poland region these were Pozna Voivodeship and Kalisz Voivodeship. The pagan reaction that followed Mieszko II's death (probably in Pozna) in 1034 left the region weak, and in 1038, Duke Bretislaus I of Bohemia sacked and destroyed both Pozna and Gniezno. Foreign companies are primarily attracted by relatively low labour costs, good road and railway network, good vocational skills of workers, and relatively liberal employment laws. A 50-metre pool can be divided into two 25-metre pools. It would become a major center for the fur trade by the late 16th century. It also became the seat of a powiat Pozna County, with the city itself gaining separate powiat status. The Sejmik of Greater Poland consists of 39 members. This made space for further civilian construction, particularly the Imperial Castle (Zamek) which was completed in 1910, and other grand buildings around it, including today's central university buildings and the opera house. A Greater Poland Uprising during the Revolutions of 1848 was ultimately unsuccessful, and the Grand Duchy lost its remaining autonomy, Pozna becoming simply the capital of the Prussian Province of Posen. It hosts mainly modern experimental off-theatre performances often taking place on squares and other public spaces. Key Information. [citation needed]. Northern and some western parts of Greater Poland remained in Germany, where they formed much of the province of Posen-West Prussia (19221938), whose capital was Schneidemhl (Pia). These are listed below in descending order of population (according to official figures for 2019[4] It is regarded as the second most prosperous city in Poland after its capital Warsaw. The course of the Warta in central Pozna was formerly quite different from today: the main stream ran between Grobla and Chwaliszewo, which were originally both islands. It is also possible that the name comes directly from the verb pozna, which means "to get to know" or "to recognize", so it may simply mean "known town". However, the Jesuits' college, founded in the city in 1571 during the Counter-Reformation, had the right to award degrees from 1611 until 1773, when it was combined with the Academy. Around 1820, Pozna had over 20,000 inhabitants, 70% of whom were Poles, 20% Jews, and 10% Germans. Throughout the province there are significant deposits of aggregates, gypsum, ceramic materials, and lacustrine chalk. The city's other renowned landmarks include the National Museum, Grand Theatre, Fara Church and the Imperial Castle. Pozna's cathedral was the place of burial of the early Piast monarchs, among them Mieszko I, Boleslaus I, Mieszko II Lambert, Casimir I, and later of Przemys I and Przemys II.[8]. The latter two are popular bathing places. An area of approximately 800 thousand hectares is covered by forests, this represents around 25.8% of the total surface area of the region. The Commonwealth also had larger subdivisions known as prowincja, one of which was named Greater Poland. With the Polish local government reforms of 1999, Pozna again became the capital of a larger province entitled Greater Poland Voivodeship. [9][10] The city, which covered the area of today's Old Town neighbourhood, was surrounded by a defensive wall, integrated with the castle. The old city walls were taken down in the early 19th century, and major development took place to the west of the old city, with many of the main streets of today's city center being laid out. Pozna is one of the four largest academic centres in Poland. Pozna continues to host regular trade fairs and international events, including the United Nations Climate Change Conference in 2008. In 1950, the size of Pozna Voivodeship was reduced, and the city itself was given separate voivodeship status. [51] In 2019/2020 season, Warta played their I liga matches at the stadium in Grodzisk Wielkopolski, as Dbiska Road Stadium did not fulfill the requirements of the I liga's authorities.[52]. Investors are mostly from the food processing, furniture, automotive and transport and logistics industries. Other festivals: Animator (animated film festival), Ethno Port festival of traditional world's ethnic music, Maski Theater Festival, Dance International Workshops by Polish Dance Theater, Made in Chicago (jazz festival), Festival of Ice Sculpture, Science and Art Festival, Tzadik (Jewish music festival), and Meditations Biennale (modern art). For centuries before the Christianization of Poland (an event that essentially is credited as the creation of the very first Polish state, the Duchy of Poland), Pozna was an important cultural and political centre of the Western Polans. Brown coal deposits are currently mined in the Konin area, and form the basis for the province's power industry (the Ptnw-Adams-Konin coal-fired power stations account for more than 10% of the national electricity production). Another expansion of Festung Posen was planned, with an outer ring of more widely spaced forts around the perimeter of the city. Termy Maltaskie consists of as many as 18 sports and recreational swimming pools with a total water surface area of 5,000m2 (54,000sqft) as well as many other attractions such as different kind of saunas and spa, among others. The club owns a large sports complex near Rusaka lake, and apart from the tennis facilities boasts a large city recreation areas: mountain biking facilities with a four-cross track, an athletics stadium with 3,000 capacity, and a football-speedway stadium with 20,000 capacity. Every one in four inhabitants of Pozna is a student. Pozna University of Technology (PUT, PP in Polish) is one of the most influential and biggest technical universities in Poland. The Latin names of the city are Posnania and Civitas Posnaniensis. It grew fast to employ about 600 people in 2019. The lowest altitude is 60m (197ft), in the Warta valley. No exact statistic exists on the number of temporary residents from abroad. Players need to grab equipment and learn to use it during the tutorial mission. In addition, very large deposits of brown coal have been discovered in the vicinity of Kocian, these however are not currently being extracted and probably never will be extracted, due to the expense that would be incurred in adapting the site to build a coal mine and the need to resettle thousands of people. On one south bank of the lake there are ski and sleigh slopes of Malta Ski centre, and on the opposite bank a large complex of Termy Maltaskie swimming pools. Published Nov 2, 2020. [42], Apart from traditional theatres with a long history such as Teatr Wielki, Teatr Polski, Teatr Nowy, and others like Teatr Animacji, Teatr Muzyczny and Polish Dance Theatre, Pozna is also home to a growing number of different kind of alternative theatre groups. Due to the expulsion and flight of German population Pozna's post-war population was almost uniformly Polish. The province is named after the region called Greater Poland or Wielkopolska [vjlkplska] (listen). Greater Poland Voivodeship is second in area and third in population among Poland's sixteen voivodeships, with an area of 29,826 square kilometres (11,516sqmi) and a population of close to 3.5million. [citation needed], Greater Poland Railways train at the Pozna Gwny, A2 motorway before the six-lane expansion done in 2019, Moderus Gamma tram, which is produced near Pozna, in city's eastern underground section, Solaris bus; they are also produced near Pozna, Eurocopter EC135 Lifeguard 9 waiting for an emergency dispatch at the awica Airport, Pozna possesses many historic buildings and heritage sites, mostly concentrated around the Old Town and other parts of the city centre. It consisted of a fortified stronghold between the Warta and Cybina rivers on what is now Ostrw Tumski. Paid parking zones in the city centre were established, and Park & Ride car parks have been built to encourage commuters to leave their car on the outskirts of the city and continue their journey by public transport, as well as to allow safe and legal parking outside the city centre. Post-communism infrastructural developments include the opening of the Pestka Fast Tram route in 1997, and Pozna's first motorway connections in 2003 as Poland's east-west A2 highway runs south of the city centre, serving also as a bypass. Stadion, ktry straszy od lat Magazyn WP", "Warta Pozna bdzie gra w Grodzisku Wielkopolskim", "Armia Pozna LFA Liga Futbolu Amerykaskiego", "City of Brno Foreign Relations Statutory city of Brno", "The New Old World: Buffalo's Polish Sister City Is Rewriting Its Destiny", "Exposio de litogravura simboliza aproximao de SJP com cidades-irm", http://www.sjp.pr.gov.br/abertura-de-exposicao-sobre-a-imigracao-polonesa-marca-325-anos-da-cidade/, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pozna&oldid=1123945201, Source 1: Institute of Meteorology and Water Management, Source 2: Meteomodel.pl (records, relative humidity 19912020), Population size may be affected by changes in administrative divisions, Pozna University School of Physical Education, Pozna Supercomputing and Networking Center, This page was last edited on 26 November 2022, at 15:15. The first free local elections following the fall of communism took place in 1990. A procession of horses, with Saint Martin at its head, parades along Saint Martin Street (ulica wity Marcin), in front of the Imperial Castle. Suburban settlements developed around the city walls, on the river islands, and on the right bank, with some (Ostrw Tumski, rdka, Chwaliszewo, Ostrwek) obtaining their own town charters. Parking is included in your admission ticket. The city serves as the seat of the oldest Polish diocese, now being one of the most populous Catholic archdioceses in the country. Then in 1253, Przemys issued a charter to Thomas of Guben (Gubin) for the founding of a town under Magdeburg law, between the castle and the river. The quality of river waters is generally poor, but their condition is gradually improving and should soon be classed as 'clean'. On the province's southern plains this season constitutes around 228 days, while north of Gniezno and Szamotuy this gradually declines to 216 days. Classical music events include the Henryk Wieniawski Violin Competition which is held every 5 years, and classical music concerts by the Pozna Philharmonic orchestra held each month in the Hall of the Adam Mickiewicz University, considered to be one of the best in terms of acoustics in Poland. Termy Maltaskie, big water sports and recreation complex featuring Olympic-size swimming pool, is located at the north bank of the lake. seen the second-highest passenger growth rate in the country. It supplies raw material for Kociaska Zieme, and Zielona Gora CHP. Phasmophobia SCARY Demon Ghost Kills Unspeakable and Shark! Some of the best-known major corporations founded and still based in Pozna and the city's metropolitan area include Allegro owner of the Poland's biggest e-commerce site, H. Cegielski-Pozna SA a historic manufacturer, Solaris Bus & Coach a modern bus and coach maker based in Bolechowo, and Enea S.A. one of the country's biggest energy firms. Many Polish inhabitants were executed, arrested, expelled to the General Government or used as forced labour; at the same time, many Germans and Volksdeutsche were settled in the city. Pozna's largest lake is Kiekrz in the north-west end of the city. An abundance of raw materials used in the production of numerous medicines was recently discovered in the muds of Baejewo, Oderbank and Mechnacz. However, following the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Greater Poland was again partitioned, with the western part (including Pozna) going to Prussia. Adam Mickiewicz University (AMU, UAM in Polish) is one of the most influential and biggest universities in Poland. The area is situated in the Silesian Greater Poland agro-climatic region where the average annual temperature is about 8.2C, and in the north drops to around 7.6C. A popular venue is Malta, a park with an artificial lake situated in its centre. [37][38] Other notable shopping centers include Posnania, the biggest commerce facility in Greater Poland, Galeria Malta, and the shops at the Hotel Bazar a historical hotel and commercial center in the Old Town.[39]. Agriculturally fertile soils account for around 60% of the province's area, while 20%, the rest of the non-forested or urban areas, is mostly wetland soil (muck-peat and alluvial soils). The city centre has many clubs, pubs and coffee houses. Pozna Zoological Garden has two facilities. Pozna also stages the Ale Kino! [citation needed] The Pozna metropolitan area Metropolia Pozna comprising Pozna County and several other communities is home to over 1million inhabitants. Wielkopolska is influenced by oceanic air masses that affect the mildness of the climate. In the testament of Bolesaw III Wrymouth, which initiated the period of fragmentation of Poland (11381320), the western part of Greater Poland (including Pozna) was granted to Mieszko III the Old. Companies headquartered in the city include energy provider Enea and e-commerce company Allegro. [citation needed]. In 2008, three Pozna students founded Netguru, a software development and digital consultancy company. The Prussian authorities expanded the city boundaries, making the walled city and its closest suburbs into a single administrative unit. New tram lines are planned and built, including Pestka Fast Tram sections, and the rolling stock is being replaced for modern low-floor vehicles such as trams Solaris Tramino / Combino and Moderus Gamma, and buses such as Solaris Urbino. More successful was the Greater Poland Uprising of 1806, which led to the region's becoming part of the Napoleonic Duchy of Warsaw (forming the Pozna Department and parts of the Kalisz and Bydgoszcz Departments). [22] The warmest temperature was recorded on 11 July 1959 at 38.7C (101F), Pozna is divided into 42 neighbourhoods called osiedle, each of which has its own elected council with certain decision-making and spending powers. - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCV7lBBz6G20d87WoKFPjsPw/join Precipitation ranges from 500 to 550mm. To the south runs the international route from Gdask via Pozna and Leszno to Prague and then to the south of Europe. It also held the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in 1990, 2001, and 2010. It is estimated that at the rate local gas reserves are being exploited, the reserves in Kocian will be enough for about 20 years of operation, thus practically allowing for local independence against the effects of gas crises. Older residential and commercial districts include those of Wilda, azarz and Grczyn to the south, and Jeyce to the west. The modern province includes most of this historic region, except for some western parts. Martin. However, in 1815, following the Congress of Vienna, the region was returned to Prussia, and Pozna became the capital of the semi-autonomous Grand Duchy of Posen. [11] The royal chancery and the University ensured a first flourishing of Polish literary culture in the city. [49] Recent years have brought extensive development of university infrastructure at the "Warta campus", located on the right side of Warta river between Malta lake and Pozna city center. Several major factories were built, including the Hipolit Cegielski's steel mill and railway factory, popularly called Ceglorz. Since 2000, the city has been the host of the Pozna Marathon, one of the largest such races in the country. Its listing is maintained by the National Heritage Board of Poland. In reunited Poland, and later in the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth, Pozna was the seat of a voivodeship. [5] It also ranks highly in safety and healthcare quality. The eastern part, with Gniezno and Kalisz, was part of the Duchy of Krakw, granted to Wadysaw II the Exile. The German population increased from around 5,000 in 1939 (some 2% of the inhabitants) to around 95,000 in 1944.[15][16]. The number of days with snow can reach up to 57 days in and around the Kalisz district. There are also several shared services centers, and IT branch offices. The city has the largest motorsport race track in Poland, Tor Pozna, located at the west city's suburbs in Przemierowo. In 1768, a new Gniezno Voivodeship was formed out of the northern part of Kalisz Voivodeship. Most foreign investors are German (36%) and Dutch companies (14%). The city's third professional football team of multi-sport Olimpia Pozna club ceased activity in 2004, and the club focused on other sports, achieving good results in judo and tennis. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 19,700 or 65% of the EU27 average in the same year. In the lake districts of the northern and central parts of the province there are about 800 lakes; 58% of which cover an area of at least 10 hectares and 8%, with an area exceeding 100 hectares. Pozna is known as Posen in German, and was officially called Haupt- und Residenzstadt Posen (Capital and Residence City of Pozna) between 20 August 1910 and 28 November 1918. The Mid-glaciation in the southern part of the province, where there is less terrain diversity and a lack of major lakes. For the sporting celebration, see, "Posnania" redirects here. In summer temperatures may often reach 30C (86F). [35] The city of Pozna produced PLN 31.8billion of Poland's gross domestic product in 2006. On 2 May 1536 a fire destroyed 175 buildings, including the castle, the town hall, the monastery, and the suburban settlement called St. Midwest Horse Fair is the largest 3-day horse fair in America. It hosts frequent gigs, an anarchist library, vernissages, exhibitions, annual birthday festival in October, poetry evenings and graffiti festivals. The city's boundaries were also significantly extended to take in former suburban villages: Piotrowo and Berdychowo in 1896, azarz, Grczyn, Jeyce and Wilda in 1900, and Soacz in 1907. These are listed below. In 2012, the Pozna's Art and Business Center "Stary Browar" won a competition organised by National Geographic Traveler and was given the first prize as one of the seven "New Polish Wonders". The renowned St. Martin's Croissant, a regional product of Pozna, are widely sold during the festivities.[44]. The GDP per employee was 72% of the EU average.[5]. Kompania Piwowarska based in Pozna produces some of Poland's best known beers, and includes not only the local Lech Brewery's products but also Tyskie from Tychy and Dojlidy Brewery from Biaystok among many others. 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The Polish population was oppressed, with many former officials and others considered potential enemies by the Nazis being imprisoned or executed, including at the notorious Fort VII concentration camp in Pozna. In the Greater Poland uprising of 1806, Polish soldiers and civilian volunteers assisted the efforts of Napoleon by driving out Prussian forces from the region. 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