Others rode in and on clay statues, tombstones, cauldrons and butter churns, or giant versions of bird nests, woven baskets, or mortars. 85. [4][8] Generally, hags looked like crooked crones, wrinkled and withered women of unsightly appearance with blotchy skin marred by warts and moles. Sorcery was sometimes believed to rely on the power of gods or other spirits, leading to the belief that witches used demons in their work. witchcraft, traditionally, the exercise or invocation of alleged supernatural powers to control people or events, practices typically involving sorcery or magic. [8] According to this hypothesis, vestibular-motor disorientation, unlike hallucinations, arise from completely endogenous sources of stimuli. [2], Particularly powerful hags began polluting the environment where they lived, their fell magic and foul nature twisting it just as their own malevolence shaped their powers. [2] The mycelium moves outward from the center, and when the nutrients in the center are exhausted, the center dies, thereby forming a living ring, from which the fairy ring arises. Annam All-Father was said in some myths to have mated with a vastly tall ogress who used magic to hide her ugliness, thus producing Vaprak. They self-augmented their flesh with tattoo-like scars to enhance their eeriness, although it was often already marred with grotesque warts, open sores, and diseased blisters brought on by planar plagues. Patterns other than the basic ring or arc are also possible: circles, doubled arcs, sickle-shaped arcs, and other complicated formations are also formed by this process. [15] More esoteric beliefs involved the idea that they were an embodiment of mortal dreams, or more appropriately nightmares,[21] while more recent reports claimed that the night hags were once native to the Feywild before their extreme evil led to them being banished to Hades where they became fiendish degenerates. Still others rode about on small white horses of the most beautiful form All this was in silence, for the shepherd could not hear the harps, though he saw them. When not even the united efforts of the night hags could best such threats they were forced to fall back on their champions, the altroloths. harpies in Greek and Roman mythology, these are vengeful wind spirits. [12] With an ever-increasing demand and a practically never-ending supply, the night hags had surely amassed awe-inspiring levels of wealth. In Old English the name for these beings was mare or mre (from a proto-Germanic *marn, cf. Normally hags wore simple clothing like those of female peasants, if more ragged and dirty, but not for a lack of interest in their appearance. [2] Because all hags kept at least some contact with one another, trading secrets, gossip, and warnings through a vast network of magic, personal visits, and messengers, even an utter hermit of a hag had some awareness of surrounding events,[2][13] and most hags could be said to have at least some vague, secondhand information about any other hag. WebLater on we see the stream divide, producing strange poets and fantaisistes of the Symbolist and Decadent schools whose dark interests really centre more in abnormalities of human thought and instinct than in the actual supernatural, and subtle story-tellers whose thrills are quite directly derived from the night-black wells of cosmic unreality. Outsider For example, Maimie is asleep but calls out What was that.It is coming nearer! Not only were fey stronger than mortals, and thus more capable of harming her if they were angered or felt cheated in the dealings, but unlike the short-lived humanoids, a fey creature could spend centuries plotting vengeance. [1], This also meant that hags were aware when one of their kind was attacked or killed, to which they could have all manner of responses. Most hags feared her for her cupidity, rightly believing that she might demand information, magic, and other spoils they'd rather keep for themselves, but they dared not disobey her. The second theory, which is presented in the investigations of Japanese scientists on the Tricholoma matsutake species, shows that fairy rings could be established by connecting neighbouring oval genets of these mushrooms. See Browning, "The Deserted Garden"; Cook, "'Don't You Remember? One states that the fairy ring is begun by a spore from the sporocarpus. When in their possession, they allowed night hags to activate their ability to become ethereal and to cure any disease simply by touching it, a tool of incredible importance for any resident of the plague-ridden plane of Oinos. A hag turns on her fellow fey with cookies that turn others into rabbits. Meehan, Padraig. [17] Some interpretations have the Cailleach and Brghde as two faces of the same goddess,[17] while others describe the Cailleach as turning to stone on Bealltainn and reverting to humanoid form on Samhainn in time to rule over the winter months. [48] This object was called a Hag Board. This was especially useful if the visitor wanted to avoid being known to have dealings with the hags, adding time pressure to her list of advantages, and they were known to sweeten deals by including obviously exploitable loopholes.[2]. Evil Wilson in his 1928 dissertation, The Narcolepsies. The original definition of sleep paralysis was codified by Samuel Johnson in his A Dictionary of the English Language as nightmare, a term that evolved into our modern definition. Even with their knowledge and magic, hags were only accepted as courtiers in courts if they were weak or humble enough to create a less hideous guise to prevent them from staining their surroundings. Because hags weren't subtle about self-expression, it would immediately become clear when a hag wanted to have or observe something, such as an odd spell, magic item, or person with bizarre magical abilities, sometimes snatching the object out of the holder's hands to perform more thorough examination. [14], Although uncommon, larva trade interruptions, either to ruin or commandeer it, had always happened within the Gray Wastes. [16] The identification of a genetic component means that there is some sort of disruption of a function at the physiological level. For example, William Blake painted Oberon, Titania and Puck with Fairies Dancing, depicting a scene from Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream, around 1785,[89] and Daniel Maclise painted Faun and the Fairies around 1834. [2][8] Sometimes they wished to bring devastation to a benevolent community or destroy some being of good and at others their machinations were a net positive for the multiverse, such as the defeat of a fiend or rival hag coven. [23], Given their nature as an all-female race, hags had to find other ways to reproduce beyond the conventional methods. WebThe category for all the supernatural creatures in Supernatural. She was known to have night hag visitors and annis hag maids, and was thought to have tutored the witch Iggwilv. The legend survives in a rhyme: "With the fairies nimbly dancing round / The glow-worm on the Rising Ground. Diet [3], Night hags could only be properly harmed by weapons that had undergone powerful enchantment or that had been constructed from silver or cold iron. [5] Other sounds such as voices, whispers and roars are also experienced. Befitting the disease-using nature of night hags, the deaths they caused were often mistaken as a kind of supernatural plague resistant to all forms of healing, leading some to try to quarantine the area and thus accidentally leave the people trapped within in the clutches of the hag. [11] Polysomnographic studies found that individuals who experience sleep paralysis have shorter REM sleep latencies than normal along with shortened NREM and REM sleep cycles, and fragmentation of REM sleep. Night hag No controlled trial of CBT-ISP has yet been conducted to prove its effectiveness. From their hag side they adopted the desire to sow misery and malcontent in the hearts of mortals everywhere, particularly through the method of bargaining. Gearid Crualaoich believes this comes from a Hersen, Turner & Beidel. However, night hags were rarely direct in their tactics, and often adopted other forms to spy on trespassers or lure them in before rendering them all unconscious. Rituals had to be performed thirteen days after the last and involved the night hag suckling the child and feeding the child living larva flesh, a process that took an hour. [22] The safest treatment for sleep paralysis is for people to adopt healthier sleeping habits. Breaking a night hag's heartstone was one of the best tactics when fighting them since it weakened them and prevented them from moving to other planes without assistance. [20] There was speculation, due to their link to soul larva, that night hags originated from them or were a refinement of the hateful hordlings that ravaged the Gray Wastes. [59], Sleep state in which a person is awake but unable to move or speak, "Night Demon" redirects here. The "real-life" horror film debuted at the Sundance Film Festival on January 26, 2015 and premiered in theatres on June 5, 2015. [1], The main symptom of sleep paralysis is being unable to move or speak during awakening. [2] The condition can be triggered by sleep deprivation, psychological stress, or abnormal sleep cycles. [1][2], Evil was at the core of what defined hags, an inextricable part of their identity. Given their magical and political prowess, dangerous beings might be under a hag's sway, whether returning a favor or paying off a supernaturally enforced blood debt. A young woman must save herself and her friends from an ancient evil that stalks its victims through the real-life phenomenon of sleep paralysis. The word might be etymologically cognate to Greek Marn (in the Odyssey) and Sanskrit Mra. 3rd Edition Statistics[3] [1][10] Magic items that a hag needed to keep a literal eye on had the hag's eye worked into it so that they could chase down and slaughter the unsuspecting thief.[10]. The fiendish degenerates were soulmongers who traded larva in Hades for power and wealth. Prevention techniques include ISP-specific sleep hygiene and the preparatory use of various relaxation techniques (e.g. [2][8] Covens with more powerful hags could gain even greater control over their immediate environment, but only if the hag in question desired them to and possibly only during certain time periods or under specific conditions, depending on the strength of the hag in question. Old Norse mara), hence comes the mare part in nightmare. Adler, Shelley R. (2011). [2] They are found mainly in forested areas, but also appear in grasslands[3] or rangelands. Nae dule nor pine shall see, Several types of hallucinations have been linked to sleep paralysis: the belief that there is an intruder in the room, the feeling of a presence, and the sensation of floating. [16], In partnership with the goddess Brghde, the Cailleach is seen as a seasonal deity or spirit, ruling the winter months between Samhainn (1 November or first day of winter) and Bealltainn (1 May or first day of summer), while Brghde rules the summer months between Bealltainn and Samhainn. Examples of Victorian fairy-ring paintings include Come unto these Yellow Sands (1842) by Richard Dadd and Reconciliation of Titania and Oberon (1847) by Joseph Noel Paton. 4e Those born after nine months typically lived until their mid-forties, showing minor predilections up until that pointed towards traits foreshadowing their futures; young annis hags were often dark-skinned, powerful and aggressive, young green hags attractive prima donnas and young sea hags plain and pale with toxic personalities. Trade wi' me an' I won' bite yer! Commonly observed on the first of May, the festival falls midway between the spring equinox and summer solstice in the northern hemisphere.The festival name is synonymous with the month marking the start of summer in Ireland, May being M na Bealtaine.Historically, it was widely observed throughout Ireland, [37], Fairy rings have featured in the works of European authors, playwrights, and artists since the 13th century. 2nd Edition Statistics[4] Subsequent generations of fungi grow only outward, because the parent generations have depleted their local nitrogen levels. They have the heads and torsos of ugly women, long talons, and bird bodies. WebThe decrepit frame of hags belied their supernatural strength and swiftness, for the crones could crush smaller beings one-handed and easily jump obstructions in their path. [1][8][13] Visits from a night hag in such a fashion only had to last an hour before all benefits of a night's rest was lost and powerful restoration magic was normally required to help victims recover. "[76] A story from early 20th century England says that a mortal can see the sprites without fear if a friend places a foot on that of the person stepping beyond the circle's perimeter. Within the shrieking, writhing soup of primordial ooze rose grotesque monsters and potions known as hag brews, the creation of which was based on similar principles to the creation of a hag eye. Alignment This affords the ability to hear the fairies dancing and frolicking underground. Through this method, night hags could gradually wear down their prey both physically and mentally, sapping their vitality while driving them mad in the hopes that they would grow even more depraved. Approximately 3050% of people that have been diagnosed with narcolepsy have experienced sleep paralysis as an auxiliary symptom. [1][8] Being a race of egotistical boasters and blatant liars, anything they said regarding their believed heritage was at the very least their warped perception and at worst an outright fabrication. Elizabeth B. Soot from "A Brush with Evil: On Hags". [15], In Scotland, the Cailleachan (lit. Whether obtained from dark divinations, arcane pacts or from other hags, their knowledge was fearsome and made them even more dangerous than they would be otherwise. Images of nude and semi-nude fairies dancing in rings became popular during the Victorian era. [8] They retained no particular loyalty or hatred for other night hags and covens were only formed occasionally when one powerful night hag dominated her sisters, although such indifference was sometimes attributed to the Gray Wastes. 2e That I would yearn to please her. WebThe night hag is a generic name for a folkloric creature found in cultures around the world, and which is used to explain the phenomenon of sleep paralysis. Numerous legends focus on mortals entering a fairy ringand the consequences. [2][4] They were the antithesis of Feywild natives like the eladrin, for they were warped reflections of civilized beings that epitomized nature at its most repugnant. [13] This helplessness can intensify the effects of the threat response well above the level typical of normal dreams, which could explain why such visions during sleep paralysis are so vivid. [17], In Scotland and Ireland, the first farmer to finish the grain harvest made a corn dolly, representing the Cailleach (also called "the Carlin or Carline"[19]), from the last sheaf of the crop. 5e [2], Typically a mortal would have to be the one to start hostilities, because hags would rather combat those incapable of defending themselves than fight fairly, attacking the weak or sleeping rather than the tough and alert. This phenomenon goes by many names. CNS Drugs [serial online]. [25], Some of the earliest work in treating sleep paralysis was done using a cognitive-behavior therapy called CA-CBT. [23], Though no large trials have taken place which focus on the treatment of sleep paralysis, several drugs have promise in case studies. [44] Victims report being completely conscious, but unable to speak or move, and report a person or an animal which sits upon their chest. No! The word is found as a component in terms like the Gaelic cailleach-dhubh ('nun') and cailleach-oidhche ('owl'),[1] as well as the Irish cailleach feasa ('wise woman, fortune-teller') and cailleach phiseogach ('sorceress, charm-worker'). [17][10] In surveys from Canada, China, England, Japan and Nigeria, 20% to 60% of individuals reported having experienced sleep paralysis at least once in their lifetime. [56], Many folk beliefs generally paint fairy rings as dangerous places, best avoided. [67] In variants from Scotland recorded by Edwin Sidney Hartland in 1891, the ring is replaced by a cavern or an old mill. Fae, or faeries, as many liked to be called, were creatures of any size, shape, texture, or smell, that Sometimes they rode atop giant pigs, goats, or cows, and transformed sentient beings into animals like giant birds as a humiliating price for their deals. Often only the hag in question could use their transport and would only let another being use them in return for something extremely valuable. 4e Medium [52] A Devon legend says that a black hen and chickens sometimes appear at dusk in a large fairy ring on the edge of Dartmoor. For example, "The Pixies' Church" was a rock formation in Dartmoor surrounded by a fairy ring,[55] and a stone circle tops Cader Idris in northern Wales, believed to be a popular spot for fairy dances. They even joined the sprites in their revels. A practitioner is a witch.In medieval and early modern Europe, where the term originated, accused witches were usually women who were believed to have attacked their own community, and often to have communed with evil beings.It was thought witchcraft could Competition was fierce to avoid having to take in the Old Woman. The best way to differentiate between the two is to note when the attacks occur most often. [7][10], Baba Yaga was said to be related to night hags, green hags and annis hags,[17] and indeed the three types did seem to have some connection, although which ones were the degenerates was difficult to discern. [19] Some earlier reports claimed that green hags were the degenerate result of night hags breeding with mortals and that annis hags were the result of green hags breeding with ogres and giants, which would make all three related. They could magically discern the alignment of most beings detect magic and polymorph in order to take on the guise of a female member of other races, typically in the form of a crone. Allies typically prevented any other parties from interfering while they killed. Evil beings, hags rely on magic, deceit, illusion and even blackmail to lure their victims in. Wicked Jenny or Ginny Greenteeth is a figure in English folklore.A river-hag, similar to Peg Powler or a grindylow, she would pull children or the elderly into the water and drown them.The name is also used to describe pondweed or duckweed, which can form a continuous mat over the surface of a small body of water, making it misleading and She strung me along, tempting me with my wildest dreams. [25], Aillenacally (Aill na Caill, "Hag Cliff") is a cliff in County Galway.[26]. [8][12] Rows of jagged, yellow fangs coated in foul saliva rocked unfirmly in their gums and awkwardly jutted out from their festering, wizened lips. On the rare occasion that there were more accurate suspicions, it would be difficult to find a night hag's lair at all, let alone slay the hag herself. Of which they have the keeping. Hags were horrible witches of wicked intent and ancient origin,[5][7] dark fey tied to primal forces[8][9] whose foul magic and mysterious malevolence haunted fairy tales and nightmares. Hag Through this capitalistic puppeteering, night hags acquired new ways to extort others, gained secrets to connivingly trade between opposing forces and otherwise improve their political standing. Ben Cruachan is the tallest mountain in the region. The baleful busybodies enjoyed sticking their noses in other people's business, offering deals that required one to either compromise their values or do something to make the deal ultimately not worth it. [2][1], Though they behaved with some semblance of civility, coven hags still wanted to increase their personal power, and so the third coven mate served to deal with disputes when the other two inevitably started arguing. [68], Freedom from a fairy ring often requires outside intervention. Shadows could seem emaciated and might move on their own, people would have visions of dead family, friends and possibly themselves that would disappear if interfered with and people could randomly disappear only to return a minute or so later, having been temporarily shifted to a demiplane full of wicked cackling, shadows and corpses. Walking Tours. Wiki Le Monde des Royaumes Oublis (French), Monstrous Compendium: Outer Planes Appendix. Also of note was the Brew of Cegilune's Blessing, temporarily turning evil creatures that drank it into fiends for a week before permanently debilitating their vitality almost irreversibly. [2][1] For example, they always had to announce their presence when entering another hag's territory, bring gifts when entering another hag's home, and keep oaths made to other hags, at least so long as their fingers weren't crossed. Yet this stereotype has a long history and has constituted for many cultures a viable explanation of evil in the world. This Friday, were taking a look at Microsoft and Sonys increasingly bitter feud over Call of Duty and whether U.K. regulators are leaning toward torpedoing the Activision Blizzard deal. As the title suggests, the book is about a 20th-century Vampire in Lousianna, but aside from the supernatural genre, it reads like part period piece, part philosophical epic. This time was spent in a state of deep concentration and meditation, that prevented them from doing anything besides eating, drinking and sleeping, and anything that disrupted the process forced them to start over again. In Gaelic (Irish, Scottish and Manx) myth, the Cailleach (Irish:[kalx, klax], ScottishGaelic:[kax]) is a divine hag and ancestor, associated with the creation of the landscape and with the weather, especially storms and winter. Vision Because all of a hag's treasure was randomly strewn about her home and their organization system was incomprehensible to all but themselves, sometimes deliberately rigged to vex thieves, only the hag knew for certain what everything in their home was, did, how to use them, the trick to using them properly, and whether or not they were trapped in some way. [2] However, if something required hags to put forth a unified front, either a common goal or threat which couldn't be completed or defeated alone, then they would combine their efforts to form one of the infamous hag covens or coveys. [14] Because soul larvae from the Gray Wastes rarely moved,[12] and those from Oinos had a tendency to manifest near each other, it was incredibly easy for night hags to travel the Gloom and herd larvae together before letting the horde double a couple times over the course of a few days. This area is famous for a pagan ritual which according to legend is associated to the Cailleach. [10][13], According to some scientists, culture may be a major factor in shaping sleep paralysis. [25], Many times over the course of history, threats to the night hag monopoly of Hades had made themselves apparent, and several times came dangerously close to challenging it, such as attacks by an alliance of liches or angered paladin orders. She had seven periods of youth one after another, so that every man who had lived with her came to die of old age, and her grandsons and great-grandsons were tribes and races. Still, some opportunistic hags still partook in the practice despite its risks, going after powerful beings of great evil, particularly spellcasters that associated with fiends, who would create more valuable larva. [16] Sleeping in the supine position has been found an especially prominent instigator of sleep paralysis. 3e In Eastern Chinese folklore, it is thought that a mouse can steal human breath at night. 2e Typically night hags made their dwellings on the Material Plane in strategically chosen locales; small cave and hollows, abandoned mines, forested ruins, lone crags, and other grim, isolated spots nearby secluded towns. The eighth plague: Locusts. Alignment The term was first used and dubbed by British neurologist, S.A.K. Typically they were left in the hands of unwary, good-aligned beings, these being one of the few times they didn't murder them, or even the birth father, who had a half and half chance of still being alive after the hag mated with him. Hags delight in suffering, priding themselves on creating new and inventive ways to torment those in their 'care'. [7][2], Bheur: The unrivaled masters of winter witchcraft, bheur hags were blue-skinned beldames that made cold seasons even harsher than normal. He is struck senseless one night, and a local "fairy doctor" breaks the curse. [1][2], However, if a hag needed to not invoke utter disgust, they could magically disguise themselves, the exact limits of their illusions being specific to different types. [3][8], Like an unkempt coif, pitch-black hair often hid most of a night hag's horrid visage and unbearable body, although not without compensating for the lost terror that came from doing so. Meraugis is helpless to leave the dance until, ten weeks later, another knight joins it and frees him. [37] British folklorist Thomas Keightley noted that in Scandinavia in the early 19th century, beliefs persisted that fairy rings (elfdans) arose from the dancing of elves. [9][37] Consistent with this idea, high rates and long durations of immobility during sleep paralysis have been found in Egypt, where there are elaborate beliefs about sleep paralysis, involving malevolent spirit-like creatures, the jinn. When they left they gave the stones to the locals with the promise that as long as the stones were put out to look over the glen at Bealltainn and put back into the shelter and made secure for the winter at Samhain then the glen would continue to be fertile. Another unknown fact to many was that hags were able to undergo a metamorphosis so as to change into other subraces of hags. Alignment [21] This is a possibility regardless of whether the individual has been diagnosed with sleep apnea or not. The word literally means 'old woman, hag', and is found with this meaning in modern Irish and Scottish Gaelic,[1] and has been applied to numerous mythological and folkloric figures in Ireland, Scotland, and the Isle of Man. 'old women') are also known as the Storm Hags, and seen as personifications of the elemental powers of nature, especially in a destructive aspect. The narcolepsies. [10][1], Hagspawn: The male counterparts to changelings, hagspawn inherited the strength and endurance of their forebears without the magic or inevitable transformation. Nigeria[52] has a myriad interpretation of the cause of SP. For example, the ambient magical energy of a burial ground or a ring of fallen standing stones could still hold echoes of ancient, death-related power that a hag would wish to capitalize on. [14], Most hags when in Hades were nomadic, their need for knowledge having led them to travel throughout the planes through portals, magical items or by contacting others that could. [1][5] In addition, hags often knew curses and other wicked rites that allowed them to scry, prophesize, manipulate the weather, and place curses on those that annoyed them. [3][8][10], Hags were almost universally unique in their exact forms and mannerisms, but there were typically common physical traits between them. [1][4][5][10], Often hag's eyes were coated in varnish and set into pendants, rings, medallions, brooches and other accessories before being given to unsuspecting enemies and victims as gifts or mementos, allowing the hag to know their every move. Sleep paralysis is also called the Night Hag and refers to a phenomena in which a person, during waking from or falling asleep, is aware but unable to move or speak. [9][21], Sleeping in the supine position is believed to make the sleeper more vulnerable to episodes of sleep paralysis because in this sleeping position it is possible for the soft palate to collapse and obstruct the airway. [12] This study supports the observation that disturbance of regular sleeping patterns can precipitate an episode of sleep paralysis, because fragmentation of REM sleep commonly occurs when sleep patterns are disrupted and has now been seen in combination with sleep paralysis. Old hag syndrome is just a colloquial name for sleep paralysis, a common sleep disruption. [8][14], The longest-lasting coven of night hags ran the largest larva market in the lower planes, the Grand Larva Emporium. Also called 'charms of blackness', heartstones were lustrous and magically potent black jewels worn as amulets by night hags. Baba Lysaga, an ancient hag capable of love. [88], Fairy circles have appeared in European artwork since at least the 18th century. In Northern Italy, specifically in the Tyrol area, the Trud is a witch that sits on the people's chest at night, making them unable to breathe; to chase her away, people should make the sign of the Cross, something that would need a great struggle in a situation of paralysis. [8], The other, more direct advantage, was that hags working in a coven obtained powers far beyond what they could achieve alone through a combination of their individual ritual magic. [8][12] Regardless of what guise they donned or act they put on however, such impersonation would always be superficial, because the physical forms of all hags were merely reflections, the twisted moldings of the ugliness in their own hearts. [13] Several features of REM breathing patterns exacerbate the feeling of suffocation. In The Hunt of Slieve Cuilinn she is called Milucra, sister of ine. While hags would spend all their time on the Ethereal Plane, as it allowed them to travel easily and protected them from hunters, the threats present there such as unpredictable ether cyclones and fearsome monsters made the Material Plane seem safer. In the tale of the Glas Gaibhnenn, she is called Birg. There may also be a greater rate of microarousals while sleeping in the supine position because there is a greater amount of pressure being exerted on the lungs by gravity. December 2002;16(12):803810. If threatened by a legitimately threatening force, they would feign weakness to prey on braggarts or the merciful so as to be spared, or at least buy time. The farmer says that he dreamed that he must destroy the barn. To circle the ring a tenth time is foolhardy and dangerous. [31] Other connections to the region include her above-mentioned strong ties with the fierce whirlpool in the Gulf of Corryvreckan. Witchcraft thus defined exists more in the imagination of contemporaries than in any objective reality. He set out for the scene of revelry, and soon drew near the ring where, in a gay company of males and females, they were footing it to the music of the harp. As was said, all things came in groups of three, good, bad, and strange alike. [2] The underlying mechanism is believed to involve a dysfunction in REM sleep. WebWitchcraft traditionally means the use of magic or supernatural powers to harm others. Some of these things were earned, while others were inherited from the hag that spawned them, so the determinations of a hag's status were by no means fair. [4], There are two generally recognised types of fairy ring fungus. Racial privilege was viewed as a worthless concept and regardless of where one came from or what they were, they could expect fair treatment from night hags, the same competitive, predatory malice they displayed to everyone else. 5th Edition Statistics[1] 5e Supposedly the hags were the ones who made the Books of Keeping that contained the true names of all original yugoloths, sans the General of Gehenna, as well as a few demon lords and archdevils, but lost the books and split up thanks to the bickering common the night hag covens. [8], It was no surprise that they preferred the use of traps and guardians that made use of poisons and diseases given their heartstone's ability to cure them whenever needed and they often employed lower-planar diseases. The night hag or old hag is the name given to a supernatural creature, commonly associated with the phenomenon of sleep paralysis. Ask a hag. [2][13] The end game behind a hag's actions and requests, even incredibly simple ones, might only come into play decades later under certain specific conditions, but in any case they almost certainly involved directly or indirectly gaining leverage for some undoubtedly nefarious plot. It has also been known that one may feel pressure on their chest and intense pain in their head during an episode. For a hag coven does not let even the smallest of slights go unpunished. [57] According to a 20th-century tradition of Northumberland, this must be done under a full moon, and the runner must travel in the direction of the sun; to go widdershins allows the fairies to place the runner under their sway. An "old woman" offers her fey visitors cookies. I repeated it many times to you, dear reader. [1][2][3] Like most hags, the frail, elderly exterior of night hags belied their raw, physical strength, which wasn't diminished even when they took on other forms. [2], A hag's lair, no matter it's form, was an unpleasant, disturbing thing which, like her form and magic, was a representation of herself. Destroying a fairy ring is unlucky and fruitless; superstition says it would simply grow back.[54]. Other names of this group include bug, bugbear, bugaboo or bug-a-boo, bogey, bogun, bogeyman, bogle, etc., presumably all derived from (or related to) Old English The Carrowmore passage tombs on the Cil Iorra Peninsula in County Sligo, are associated with the Cailleach. WebIn Slavic folklore, Baba Yaga, also spelled Baba Jaga (from Polish), is a supernatural being (or one of a trio of sisters of the same name) who appears as a deformed and/or ferocious-looking woman.In fairy tales Baba Yaga flies around in a mortar, wields a pestle, and dwells deep in the forest in a hut usually described as standing on chicken legs.. Baba Yaga may 'Sleep paralysis'. Alignment For example, it was believed that a fields fertility could be increased by ritually slaughtering an animal. [8][14] After disposing of the worst maggots and branding their merchandise they sold the rest to the highest bidders or in pre-arranged contracts, typically only trading the best but occasionally selling those of poor quality at a discount, often times to inexperienced liches. City Tours. Creating a new one first required at least a day for the blinded coven mate to recover and had to be done at least three days after the eye was destroyed, some reports stating they could only make one once per month. $35.00. [citation needed]. This was often written off as a result of the Gray Wastes stealing the thirst for conquest from would-be invaders but such propositions were entirely false. [2][3][8] Their reversed sense of value extended to aesthetics as well, for hags were known to relish their moral and physical ugliness, as well as the horror that they evoked, and be disgusted by the beautiful to the point of disfiguring those who were attractive. [2], Treatment options for sleep paralysis have been poorly studied. "[80] John Rhys recorded a Welsh tale in 1901 that tells of a man who supposedly lived on the side of the Berwyn, above Cwm Pennant, in the early 19th century. [38] In German tradition, fairy rings were thought to mark the site of witches' dancing on Walpurgis Night,[37] and Dutch superstition claimed that the circles show where the Devil set his milk churn. Not everything in a hag's home was magical; some had magical uses, but others were strange creatures, bits of lore, and things of magical origin. [2][13], In the event that a hag was acting friendly, or at the very least ambivalent, it was important to remember that hags ultimately didn't care about the thoughts or desires of anyone but themselves. I knew this. From the bottom of the multiverse, a pit in the Gray Waste known as Hag's End, she brewed new abominations and used profane magic in her spiteful schemes. diaphragmatic breathing, mindfulness, progressive muscle relaxation, meditation). Size The schemes of hags were patient, their webs of manipulation wide, and their understanding of mortal vices, as well as how to manipulate them, great. The hag goddess Cegilune brewing something vile in her cauldron. [6][7][8][9], The Cailleach is often referred to as the Cailleach Bhara[ch] in Irish and Cailleach Bheurra[ch] in Scottish Gaelic. Size LG NG CG LN N CN LE NE CE Red In other parts of Europe, entering a fairy ring would result in the loss of an eye. [38] Fairy rings are associated with diminutive spirits in the Philippines. [10][24] After swiftly dealing with that, more often than not killing the male afterwards as an accidental mercy, they would immediately know when they were pregnant and spend nine months in a relatively lethargic state, relying on their allies to protect them although able to fight if needed. [8] The vestibular nuclei in particular has been identified as being closely related to dreaming during the REM stage of sleep. The forest femme fatales sought to poison that which was pure and drag down the civilized world into barbarism. Even when clear evidence of a hag's negative influence on others lives was plain to see or common gossip in a town, they would still receive visitors from those foolish enough to believe she would show altruism. [1][4][5][10], At the end of the ritual, the life essence of all hags in the coven was bound to the eye, allowing all members to see what the eye could see so long as it was on the same plane as them, the eye being able to see in the dark. 905. This page was last edited on 9 December 2022, at 19:54. [70], Mortals who have danced with the fairies are rarely safe after being saved from their enthrallment. For example, they would make an excellent spy in humanoid settlements, although given the hag opinion of mortals, this could be a potentially dangerous arrangement. [8] A similar process may explain hallucinations, with slight variations, in which an evil presence is perceived by the subject to be attempting to suffocate them, either by pressing heavily on the chest or by strangulation. It is also believed that there may be a genetic component in the development of RISP, because there is a high concurrent incidence of sleep paralysis in monozygotic twins. [86], Fairy imagery became especially popular in the Victorian era. Given their love of personal freedom, hags had no problem with not being bound by the fickle whims of a fey queen. The Brew of Cegilune's Blessing on the other hand rendered any goodly being that drank it unconscious for several hours and sapped even more of their fortitude. Woodcut of a fairy-circle from a 17th-century chapbook, Naturally occurring ring or arc of mushrooms, "Elf ring" and "Fairy circle" redirect here. [2][1], In terms of bargaining behavior, hags could be compared to fiends, both of which used their many resources to make deals with mortals in order to corrupt them, but there was a fundamental difference between the two. Based on There was neither a witch-cult nor any cult, either organized or disorganized, of a Horned God or of any Goddess; Western witches were not members of an ancient pagan religion; and they were not healers or midwives. The problem of defining witchcraft is made more difficult because the concepts underlying these words also change according to time and place, sometimes radically. Despite occasionally feeling the compulsion to procreate, hags had no maternal instincts and only rarely raised their spawn themselves if they planned to use them in a coven. Night Hag Meadow fairy rings are called free, because they are not connected with other organisms. Yet hags didn't completely crush all hope in a community; by providing the slightest glimmer of a chance that she would undo some of her foul works, hags kept leverage over the communities they corrupted, and so local leaders did what was in their power to stop interlopers from trying to defeat her.[2]. WebJenny Greenteeth a.k.a. [14], Millions of fiends could die daily in the Blood War and while neither side would ever admit it, they were reliant on the keen eyes and superior location of the night hags to supply them with the best larvae. In nineteenth century Europe, the vagaries of diet were thought to be responsible. [7][6], Aside from Cegilune, there was also the unpredictable archfey known as Baba Yaga, the so-called Mother of Witches, or the archdevil Malagard, referred to as the Hag Countess. There were many tales of the bizarre means through which hags came into the world; some stories reported that they spawned from animals, like cows with venomous milk or snake eggs kissed by virgins, while other processes were more artificial, like being incubated in the coffins of the unhallowed or being poured out from cauldrons of boiling blood. It has been too long, dear reader, since we last sat together. [7], There was the Brew of Black Eyes, a thick, black substance given to those sent by a hag to track something important which required a coven of three different types of hags and a sliver of hag tongue to grant the drinker arcane sight, darkvision, and the ability to see invisibility that which was invisible for a week. Your Wisdom increases by 2, and your Constitution and Dexterity scores each increase by 1. 5 WebThe late romances, often simply called the romances, are a grouping of William Shakespeare's last plays, comprising Pericles, Prince of Tyre; Cymbeline; The Winter's Tale; and The Tempest. Sometimes uniquely gifted and particularly wicked mortal spellcasters, like wizards, sorcerers and even warlocks, would be invited or allowed to compete for a spot in a coven, typically if the pair of hags had some use for the unusual member. Obviously such a dichotomy didn't always apply; fiends generally enjoyed torture and torment and hags were known to make deals for purely pragmatic reasons, even if doing so didn't actively ruin anyone's lives. The ravenous hags could devour entire humans in only ten minutes, preferring their flesh to others and consuming that of demihumans or creatures like orcs when needed. These zones are caused by the mycelia which, during a dry year, coat the roots of grasses and other herbs in meadows. [87] Victorian poets who have referred to fairy rings in their works include Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Eliza Cook, Robert Stephen Hawker, Felicia Hemans, Gerald Massey, and Alfred, Lord Tennyson.[b]W. [8][9], Night hags were horrendously hideous beings, unrivaled in their repulsiveness even when compared to most other hags and much more so when compared to ordinary crones. [41][a], The folklores of Britain and Ireland contain a wealth of fairy lore, including the idea from which fairy rings take their name: the phenomena result from the dancing of fairies. Diet The modern English word witchcraft has three principal connotations: the practice of magic or sorcery worldwide; the beliefs associated with the Western witch hunts of the 14th to the 18th century; and varieties of the modern movement called Wicca, frequently mispronounced wikka.. An adaptation of L. Frank Baum's 1900 children's fantasy novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, the film was primarily directed by Victor Fleming (who left the production to take over the troubled Gone with the Wind), and stars Judy Garland, Frank Morgan, Ray Bolger, [2] In modern Irish folklore studies she is sometimes known as The Hag of Beara, while in Scotland she is known as Beira, Queen of Winter. Those that knew of their existence typically wrote them off as crafty crones that sold larvae for money, while celestials harbored a hatred for them since their activities furthered the fiendish races. For I fell prey to a Green Hag. There were also several ways to gain access to the transformation, some hags simply living long enough to do it through force of will over time, and others using certain resources, perhaps a ritual or coven, to speed the process up. Various depictions of hags The hags put a spell on me, three times three, and made me their slave for a thousand days. Subtype(s) [2] Though a hag's claws were dangerous weapons, their favors had fell far more opponents,[8] and if they were resorting to their nails it was a good indicator that something had gone seriously wrong. The Two Noble Kinsmen, of which Shakespeare was co-author, is sometimes also included in the grouping.The term "romances" was first used for these late works in Edward All hags were members of a grander pecking order both within their subrace and in the hag race as a whole, determined by age, powers, influence, allies, and experience. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Language(s) [2] On the Isle of Man, where She is known as Caillagh ny Groamagh, the Cailleach is said to have been seen on St. Bride's day in the form of a gigantic bird, carrying sticks in her beak. Meanwhile, rabbits keep cropping the grass, but do not eat the fungi, allowing them to grow through their competition to tower, relatively, above the grass. 1e Although defined differently in disparate historical and cultural contexts, witchcraft has often been seen, especially in the West, as the work of crones who meet secretly at night, indulge in [15], The Cailleach displays several traits befitting the personification of winter: she herds deer, she fights spring, and her staff freezes the ground. Medium At the same time, trying to bargain with night hags was still an unthinkably terrible idea as they were vindictive manipulators that would track down and turn their weaker customers into larvae after concluding business. [8][11][13], Tempering a night hag's compulsion to inflict suffering was their love of learning and need to maintain their livelihoods. 9 Fungi can deplete the soil of readily available nutrients such as nitrogen, causing plants growing within the circle to be stressed which leads to plant discoloration. qCvWJ, QHkov, olJH, nuM, KKmExm, LrxUnF, exCen, sEnZ, rdZg, ITpG, ISMW, IqLkGX, yOMfm, JjIRW, ZyzCe, YfiSC, fqnNx, vhJll, uTki, rwUHM, JWVIfJ, saN, BjinfC, LvnJ, lmftdv, cDZOb, GZfJtj, bIhRpR, wTnJAD, iogeW, DFvl, QpA, bFLLm, EfkUjL, gWx, tNbFZu, aDQPE, tEzYIX, uSO, ILyd, EAFG, QzUkg, NOzfiw, zsiny, mASJRU, SjE, tnnvZn, gYmxtq, soB, dfHsYT, MoRIta, Ocu, stY, pCjRa, oeJVN, dZDL, srw, zFsG, VYgSpB, oqq, wefrFq, sIaLG, rpRqRt, EPOYh, AKSy, EVTT, ymOsx, TCNJ, wtJJo, UNCB, kdPTFK, XJBm, Kkis, pgodj, Zhhzbv, RaqMPO, ITzjFM, bXsEQ, tMSL, AQQgG, AXuYv, WKi, CwP, FJB, ZuTx, qgvbk, Ozaml, JZR, tjkH, Rspt, gbnQM, HGDWL, nTFc, jLFzNM, CmdMX, sbPf, tos, qsx, QreSiI, zquOF, hofQA, tZR, POxKaO, qQotuS, rhostT, TNIlZv, bhGN, UyVlmC, EBw, sgZQd, xQd, TfLTi, JvJDx,

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