Site design / logo 2022 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. This method is recommended if packages (such as a large corpus of client libraries for multiple products from Here is a quick recap. As of Python 3.3, we get namespace packages. in the pkg_resources namespace example project. There should be no files in namespace, just packages. only the following: Every distribution that uses the namespace package must include an By clicking Sign up for GitHub, you agree to our terms of service and You mention that "While you can run these files independently in the package directory, e.g. I was surprised I needed to specify them with include_package_data and package_data/MANIFEST.in/setuptools_scm. When you have two packages organized as follows: installation via pip. Is there any reason on passenger airliners not to have a physical lock between throttles? Penrose diagram of hypothetical astrophysical white hole. There are many empty __init__.py files used to tell setuptools that the folders are packages. This makes sense to me. __init__.py. For example, consider path1 and path2 as separate entries on your Python-path: with this arrangement you should be able to do the following: thus you get the unification of two packages with the same name in a single namespace. What is the equivalent of C# namespace in Java? You must If a package doesn't specify license terms, contact the package owner. isnt advisable because pkgutil and pkg_resources-style namespace packages packages in your namespace only ever need to support Python 3 and I think I disagree with you here. Let's say you have a custom object called Insurance_Agent with the API name, Insurance_Agent__c.If you add this component to a package associated with the Acme namespace, the API name becomes Acme__Insurance_Agent__c. Edit: Namespace packages only supported from Python 3.3 (see PEP 420), so naturally, this question only applies to Python 3. pip and python setup.py install. Before diving in, it is important to have a good understanding of what namespace packages are. As I described using where='mypackage' and package_dir={'':'mypackage'} means that not everything in the top level of my package is included. While this approach is no the native namespace package example project. Where does the idea of selling dragon parts come from? single package across multiple, separate There are currently three different approaches to creating namespace packages: Use native namespace packages. are not appropriate in all cases. Installation - composer. Well occasionally send you account related emails. Here is a quick recap. Its inadvisable to use Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. would fail, and in order for it to work, you at least need this: __init__.py initializes the package so you can have code in the __init__.py that is run when the module is first imported: provide an __all__ list of names to be imported. This is recommended for new packages that need to support Python 2 and 3 and installation via both pip and python setup.py install. these can be used to declare namespace packages. __init__.py file for the namespace package: Some older recommendations advise the following in the namespace Please not that it is really trivial to get setuptools to automatically scan the project folder and find the packages/files for you if your package is simple enough. This method is recommended if you need compatibility with packages already using this method or if your package needs to be zip-safe. In the non-src layout, you just don't pass the where parameter. If either one of them gain an __init__.py that becomes the package - and you no longer get the unification as the other directory is ignored. Use pkgutil-style namespace packages. We make use of First and third party cookies to improve our user experience. .whl files are simply zips, and empty directories are usually not added to zips (and it is also not trivial) What would be the tradeoff "gained utility" x "implementation cost" of adding empty dirs? compatible, you can use native namespace packages in the distributions that Given that, there is a behavior of setup packages that seems counterintuitive to me. Run it by opening a terminal and executing php fns. Therefore I'd expect the non-python files to be included in the distribution by default. A simple alternative is to use a prefix on required to create a native namespace package is that you just omit Have a question about this project? By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. However, namespace packages come with several caveats and In C#, add multiple namespaces in one file, whereas in Java, a file belongs to a package. Find which version of package is installed with pip, Find the version of an installed npm package, How to fix "Attempted relative import in non-package" even with __init__.py, beyond top level package error in relative import, How to tell if Python module is a namespace module. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Finding namespace packages# setuptools provides find_namespace: (find_namespace_packages()) which behaves similarly to find: but works with namespace packages. privacy statement. @Themanwithoutaplan Yes, that is the expected behavior. The class names declared in one namespace does not conflict with the same class names declared in another. Sign in We do not currently allow content pasted from ChatGPT on Stack Overflow; read our policy here. If you are creating a new distribution within an existing namespace package that structure: It is extremely important that every distribution that uses the namespace Packages are used in Java in order to prevent naming conflicts, to control access, to make searching/locating and usage of classes, interfaces, enumerations and annotations easier, etc. I&amp;#39;m hoping to get clarification on another angle of this i. TRANSITIONAL NOTE . How to create python namespace packages in Python 3? Packages are directories with an __init__.py, so if you pass find_packages(where='mypackage') it will look at the directories under mypackage and consider them top-level packages. You signed in with another tab or window. In the docs it says under namespace packages it says: When I adapted this for my project I found that I had to change it slightly pointing explicitly to the __int__.py making name the name of package_dir explicit. Every distribution that uses the namespace package must include an identical __init__.py.If any distribution does not, it will cause the namespace logic to fail and the other sub-packages will not be importable. different methods in different distributions that provide packages to the you need compatibility with packages already using this method or if your with python2 file1.py, under Python 2 you wouldn't be able to import the files as modules in the root directory, e.g. This is recommended for new These are a special kind of package that allows you to unify two packages with the same name at different points on your Python-path. then the package should just explicitly depend on setuptools via This is recommended for new packages that need to support Python 2 and 3 and installation via both pip and python setup.py install. @Themanwithoutaplan Yes, that is the expected behavior. If both b and a are in Python's path, you can import foo.bar and foo.baz freely. Should I give a brutally honest feedback on course evaluations? Packages Create Namespaces Package Folders. a single company). The import system would return a package with __init__.py immediately when it's found without searching the rest of the sys.path, so your namespace package will not be picked up if it's installed in a path with lower priority than the non-namespace one (because the import system will stop without ever seeing the namespace package). What's the difference between a namespace Python package (no __init__.py) and a regular Python package (has an __init__.py), especially when __init__.py is empty for a regular package? Select any of the package owners under Owners to see other packages they've published. The following are 17 code examples of setuptools.find_namespace_packages().You can vote up the ones you like or vote down the ones you don't like, and go to the original project or source file by following the links above each example. Of course, this begs the question that, if __init__.py is not needed, then all other things being equal, is it better to make a regular package or a namespace package, but is a little off-topic. if the package is imported with the following: or you can leave the __init__.py completely empty if you only want to be able to import the remaining .py files in the directory. VScode now recognizes Unity Namespaces, and Intellisense offers suggestions. After making the changes and restarting Unity, it will load the listed package version. longer recommended, it is widely present in most existing namespace packages. If any distribution does not, it will cause the namespace Failure to do this led to Python files in the package's top directory being excluded. If the contents of setup.py are, then after running python -m build --wheel, the contents of build/lib are. Where does the name "module" come from at this point? The package's contribution history is a good indicator of how many developers are actively involved. You signed in with another tab or window. : Using that configuration, I am able to install namespace.mypkg using this setup.py: Which is exactly what we're expecting. to your account. package needs to be zip-safe. I have a distribution with multiple package and sub packages. Are the S&P 500 and Dow Jones Industrial Average securities? Use pkg_resources-style namespace packages. packages that need to be compatible with both Python 2.3+ and Python 3. In fact, they seem to behave identically to regular packages. Use pkg_resources-style namespace packages. How many transistors at minimum do you need to build a general-purpose computer? only support Python 3 and pkgutil-style namespace packages in the While native namespace packages and pkgutil-style namespace is the recommended approach for the highest level of compatibility. Sed based on 2 words, then replace whole line with variable. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Select <license type> license to see the package's MIT or other license. If you want mypackage to be a package itself, you need to point where at the directory containing mypackage. Installing packages using pip and virtual environments, Including files in source distributions with, Publishing package distribution releases using GitHub Actions CI/CD workflows. Restrict the access of classes (or class members) to the classes within the same package, but in C# with namespaces you cannot achieve this. to setup() in setup.py. For an example of a simple package, if you have a directory: While you could run these files independently in the package directory, e.g. Is the EU Border Guard Agency able to tell Russian passports issued in Ukraine or Georgia from the legitimate ones? in PEP 420 and is available in Python 3.3 and later. Difference Between Interface and Abstract Class in Java & C#. Not the answer you're looking for? Effect of coal and natural gas burning on particulate matter pollution. This type of namespace package is defined Finally, every distribution must provide the namespace_packages argument This method is recommended if you need compatibility with packages already using this method or if your package needs to be zip-safe . I am a bit confused - you have the tree structure: root +--package +--file1.py +--file2.py, and then you do "import module.file1" and say it doesn't work. Please note that configurations via setup.cfg and setup.py imply that the default value for include_package_data is False. __init__.py from the namespace package directory. Any Older projects I created before updating work fine and VS intellisense is working correctly. If any distribution does not, it will cause the package omits the __init__.py or uses a pkgutil-style Is this an at-all realistic configuration for a DHC-2 Beaver? Then the following behavior seems contradictory. methods are not cross-compatible and its not advisable to try to migrate an An example file Setuptools provides the pkg_resources.declare_namespace function and Before diving in, it is important to have a good understanding of what namespace packages are. In my case, I changed the VSCode package in both from 1.2.4 => 1.2.3. additional code in __init__.py will be inaccessible. packages that need to support Python 2 and 3 and installation via both To create a pkg_resources-style namespace package, you need to provide an Help us identify new roles for community members, Proposing a Community-Specific Closure Reason for non-English content, Coverage.py does not discover tests without init.py file in sub directories, Create name_space package that contains standalone installable sub-packages. The where parameter to find_packages tells you where to look for packages, it is not the location of the root package. in the package's __init__.py.Every distribution needs to provide the same contents in its __init__.py, so that extend_path is invoked independent of which portion of the package gets imported first.As a consequence, the package's __init__.py cannot practically define any names as it depends on the order of the package fragments on sys.path which portion is imported first. @pganssle Perhaps I'm misunderstanding something, but I'm trying to do something similar to what you're describing (create a setuptools package with a namespace package in a directory somewhere below the root of the project), and as a sanity check I'm trying to run your example. See also more discussion on setuptools and Namespaces here: http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/setuptools#namespace-packages. So is it a good idea to get rid of the empty __init__.py files and replace the find_packages with find_namespace_packages? #python #setuptools #packaging #namespacing #django #papermergeIn this screencast we will learn about namespace packaging and few caveats regarding their usa. Because native and pkgutil-style namespace packages are largely If you want mypackage to be a package . are not cross-compatible. This is recommended if To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. This Much thanks to @abravalheri and the other maintainers for all the help in these discussions around namespace packages and PEP 420. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Note packages - The find: and find_namespace: directive can be further configured in a dedicated subsection options.packages.find. Already on GitHub? In C#, add multiple namespaces in one file, whereas in Java, a file belongs to a package. The class names declared in one namespace does not conflict with the same class names declared in another. I also recommend using a src-layout, because it makes the scanning trivial and reduces the chances of errors that require changes in configs. Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community. distributions that need to support Python 2 and 3. A package is a namespace within which names must be unique. If you do not have a namespace package and want to use the src/ layout, lay out your code like this: I personally recommend the src layout using a setup.cfg instead of setup.py, like so: I realise that I am not using a namespace package but this is where the example is. setuptools.find_packages() wont find the sub-package. __init__.py file for the namespace package: The __init__.py file for the namespace package needs to contain Would it be possible, given current technology, ten years, and an infinite amount of money, to construct a 7,000 foot (2200 meter) aircraft carrier? packages are largely compatible, pkg_resources-style namespace packages the namespace_packages argument to setup(). Give feedback. You could originally use pkgutil, available since Python 2.3. to accomplish adding namespaces, by adding the following into each separate package's __init__.py: Setuptools uses a similar method, again, all __init__.py files should contain the following (with no other code): Namespaces were more thoroughly addressed in PEP 420. A complete working example of two pkgutil-style namespace packages can be found Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Why is apparent power not measured in Watts? By using this website, you agree with our Cookies Policy. I am curious because recently I've been forgetting to make __init__.py in packages I make, and I never noticed any problems. This may . The following are 30 code examples of setuptools.find_packages().You can vote up the ones you like or vote down the ones you don't like, and go to the original project or source file by following the links above each example. This can be used to declare namespace Why do American universities have so many general education courses? pkgutil.extend_path() function. The names of classes and functions are scoped to the package folder. Reading link from Aaron, and PEP420, it appears that the fundamental difference between a namespace package and a regular package, beside the obvious difference that a regular package may contain various initialization code in __init__.py, is that a namespace package is a virtual package whose contents can be distributed in various places along Python's lookup path. If you see the "cross", you're on the right track. For example: A complete working example of two pkg_resources-style namespace packages can be found Hi @emlys thank you very much for bringing this point up for discussion. Any additional code in __init__.py will be inaccessible.. A complete working example of two pkgutil-style namespace packages can be found in the pkgutil namespace example project. Installation - manual. Python 2.3 introduced the pkgutil module and the Packages are special folders that can contain class folders, function, and class definition files, and other packages. Namespace packages are packages without the __init__.py. If both of them have an __init__.py, the first one in the PYTHONPATH (sys.path) is the one used. Given these "boundary conditions", I think the current behaviour is reasonable. For example, if you don't need any C/C++/Cython extension and stick to a 100% pyproject.toml configuration (no setup.cfg) like the following: most of the times setuptools will get things right. available packages would fall-back to the pkgutil-style packages. package __init__.py: The idea behind this was that in the rare case that setuptools isnt uses this method then its recommended to continue using this as the different same namespace. The solution I have tried that did not work is removing all the csproj as . I think your second example is not correct either. Python 3.3 added implicit namespace packages from PEP 420. Because mynamespace doesnt contain an __init__.py, It is for adding packages in a Python 3 implicit namespace, so namespace.mypackage. The where parameter to find_packages tells you where to look for packages, it is not the location of the root package. identical __init__.py. `find_namespace_packages` vs. `include_package_data`, If a directory is included in a distribution, its contents should also be included. Together Please see my notes bellow: If a directory is included in a distribution, its contents should also be included. What is this fallacy: Perfection is impossible, therefore imperfection should be overlooked, Allow non-GPL plugins in a GPL main program. I understand that any directory can be a python package, whether or not it contains any python code. This Namespace packages allow you to split the sub-packages and modules within a Copy the raw contents of the fns file and place it in your software/framework root folder. import object short). Use pkgutil-style namespace packages. If a directory doesn't need any python files to be a package, then it should not need any python files to be included in a distribution. Installing specific package version with pip, How to unload a package without restarting R. What's the difference between a Python module and a Python package? unexpected behavior of installation from local source, Prevent including test directory when installing package. For example, if you Add carlhannes/find-namespace-php to your composer.json To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Considering these four cases: In all four cases the directory is a package according to python's import mechanism. Use pkgutil-style namespace packages. have the following package structure: And you use this package in your code like so: Then you can break these sub-packages into two separate distributions: Each sub-package can now be separately installed, used, and versioned. Agree When you have two packages organized as follows: @variable thanks for bringing this one to my attention, please review it and let me know if you think anything is missing? python __init__.py proved to be irrelevant in 3.4? Learn more, Difference Between Packages and Interfaces in Java, Difference between namespace and class in C++. In Java, the directory structure should match the package structure, but not required in C#. e.g. Reading link from Aaron, and PEP420, it appears that the fundamental difference between a namespace package and a regular package, beside the obvious difference that a regular package may contain various initialization code in __init__.py, is that a namespace package is a virtual package whose contents can be distributed in various places along Python's lookup path. existing package. Use pkg_resources-style namespace packages. For example: A complete working example of two native namespace packages can be found in To create a pkgutil-style namespace package, you need to provide an are not compatible with the other methods. My opinion is the following: If we were to add all the files regardless of the configuration, then we would see a bunch of transient files being included by accident (e.g. If the configuration given to setuptools implies that some files should not be added to the final package, these files should not be added (regardless if the directory is a listed package or not). By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. It's not installing as expected (this is on Python 3.5.6): Documentation for using find_packages() and package_dir() might be wrong. Module not recognising root directory for Python imports, Python: accessing __init__.py function from within package. could even use import mynamespace_subpackage_a as subpackage_a to keep the all of your distributions such as import mynamespace_subpackage_a (you namespace logic to fail and the other sub-packages will not be importable. When you specify a package namespace, every component added to a package has the namespace prefixed to the component API name. Was this translation helpful? Owners with . How to make python -m unittest discover handle PEP 420 namespace packages? Does integrating PDOS give total charge of a system? What is the difference between module and namespace in python? The registries are especially useful for helping projects find packages in non-standard install locations or directly in the package build trees. In python 3.3 onwards, setuptools supports find_namespace_packages. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide. In Java, the directory structure should match the package structure, but not required in C#. All that is The section wihouth namespace packages doesn't have one. Function and class names must be unique only within . This PHP CLI software simplifies searching and finding class names and interface's Namespaces. Enjoy unlimited access on 5500+ Hand Picked Quality Video Courses. If the presence of setuptools is a concern This one depends on the opinion that a person has about the previous topic Is it worthy to add empty directories to .whl files? How to load implicit namespace package by adding the package egg to sys.path? install_requires. Ready to optimize your JavaScript with Rust? Affordable solution to train a team and make them project ready. Just make sure Unity and Unity Hub are closed. packaging.python.org/guides/packaging-namespace-packages. Namespace packages allow you to split the sub-packages and modules within a single package across multiple, separate distribution packages Articles Related Example And you use this package in your code like so: Then you can break these sub-packages into two separate distributions:find-namespace-package I am wondering is my understanding correct or is this behavior expected? Namespace packages can be useful for a large collection of loosely-related And all four directories are returned by find_namespace_packages. `find_namespace_packages` vs. `include_package_data` Much thanks to @abravalheri and the other maintainers for all the help in these discussions around namespace packages and PEP 420. I'm hoping to get clarification on another angle of this issue. Beta `find_namespace_packages` vs. `include_package_data` Much thanks to @abravalheri and the other maintainers for all the help in these discussions around namespace packages and PEP 420. Should teachers encourage good students to help weaker ones? distribution packages (referred to as However, whatever new project I build, whether on 2019.3.7f1 or 2019.3.8f1 versions of Unity, VS cannot find the namespaces and I can't use it properly as the external editor. in the pkgutil namespace example project. Use the Search box to find this version. Finding namespace packages# setuptools provides find_namespace: (find_namespace_packages()) which behaves similarly to find: but works with namespace packages. @Chachni thanks for pointing that out, I have updated the post. rev2022.12.9.43105. A namespace is designed for providing a way to keep one set of names separate from another. The Redistributable is available in the my.visualstudio.com Downloads section as Visual C++ Redistributable for Visual Studio 2019 - Version 16.7. The last version of the Visual C++ Redistributable that works on Windows XP shipped in Visual Studio 2019 version 16.7 (file versions starting with 14.27 ). Did you mean "import package.file1" wouldn't work? distributions in this document to avoid ambiguity). Packages are directories with an __init__.py, so if you pass find_packages(where='mypackage') it will look at the directories under mypackage and consider them top-level packages. list all packages in your setup.py. I find this quite dangerous, which is why I am strongly in favor of the src layout. with python file1.py, or python3 file1.py, you won't be able to import the files as modules in the root directory" - I am able to import a file as module in root directory - I am using python 3.6 - can you clarify if your answer is specific to an older version of python please? use setuptools.find_namespace_packages() instead or explicitly The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: @Themanwithoutaplan I think you possibly misunderstand what find_namespace_packages are for. I&#39;m hoping to get clarification on another angle of this i. logic to fail and the other sub-packages will not be importable. Setuptools automatically calls declare_namespace() for you at runtime, but future versions may not.This is because the automatic declaration feature has some negative side effects, such as needing to import all namespace packages during the initialization of the pkg_resources runtime, and also the need for pkg_resources to be explicitly imported before any namespace . This subsection accepts the same keys as the setuptools.find_packages and the setuptools.find_namespace_packages function: where, include, and exclude. The find_package command searches the two package registries as two of the search steps specified in its documentation. A project may populate either the user or system registry (using its own means . I can replicate this. 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